Storage device

ABSTRACT

A storage device for products includes parallel transport elements configured to convey product in opposite directions, and storage sections formed on corresponding transport elements and defining a transport plane. A transfer element includes a transfer section that extends over the transport elements. An actuating drive is arranged beneath the transport plane and coupled to the transfer element to change receiving capacities of the storage sections. The actuating drive is configured to adjust the transfer element by movement along the transport elements. At least one of the transport elements is controllable independently of adjustment of the transfer element.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is the national stage entry of PCT/EP2011/005645 filed Nov. 10, 2011, which claims the benefit of the priority date of German application DE 10 2011 015 670.4, filed on Mar. 31, 2011. The content of the foregoing applications in incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The invention relates to a storage device for products.

BACKGROUND

Storage devices of this type are known in different embodiments and are used in particular also as buffer stores in installations for the processing and/or machining of products. Such storage devices consist in principle of two transport elements arranged parallel to one another and side-by-side, which exhibit an opposed conveying or transport direction and form a transport surface on which the products stand or lie. At one end of the transport surface, one of the transport elements forms a product entry through which the products are fed to the storage device or to its transport surface, and the other transport element forms a product exit through which in normal operation the products are discharged out of the storage device or from the transport surface. Opposite the product entry and the product exit there is provided on the transport surface a transfer element that causes the products to be diverted or transferred from the one transport element to the other transport element. By adjusting the position of the transfer element with an actuating drive relative to the product entry or product exit, i.e. by changing the distance between the transfer element and the product entry/product exit, the storage or receiving capacity of the storage device or of the storage or buffer sections formed on the transport elements between the transfer element and the product entry/product exit can be varied and adapted to suit the particular requirements. The transport elements are each formed by at least one transport belt that is driven to endlessly circulate, but as a rule by a plurality of transport belts arranged tightly adjacent to one another at least square to the transport direction.

In known storage devices of the afore-mentioned type (EP 1 807 329 A1, EP 1 632 445 A1), the transfer element is a passive element, i.e. an element that constitutes only one guide section or transfer section for the products and that consists in essence of a contact or sliding surface for the products. The transfer section, or its contact or sliding surface, extends over the full or essentially full width of the two transport elements and on the side facing the product entry and product exit is concavely arched about at least one axis square to the transport surface or to the transport plane defined by that transport surface. It is a disadvantage of these known storage devices that the actuating drive for the transfer element is provided above the transport surface or the transport plane and, as a result, the accessibility, in particular also the optical accessibility, of the transport surface for an opto-electrical controlling and/or monitoring of the storage device is restricted, and/or that an adjustment of the transfer element and hence a change of the receiving or storage capacity of the storage device is not possible independently of a controlling or regulating of the transport elements, in particular of the controlling or regulating of the conveying speed of the transport elements.

Storage devices are also known (DE 20 2004 012 848 U1) that each consist of two transport belts having an opposed transport directions that are parallel to, but at a considerable distance from, one another and that are driven to endlessly circulate, and of a transfer unit acting between the transport belts, which can be displaced in the linear direction of the transport belts in order to change the storage or receiving capacity of the storage device and with which the products can be guided from the transport belt forming the product entry to the transport belt forming the product exit. To this end, the transfer unit comprises, for example, a transport element driven to rotate about a vertical axis and that takes the products from the one transport belt and moves them to the other transport belt. One of the disadvantages of these known storage devices is that the storage sections that are formed by the two transport elements between the transfer device and the product entry or product exit exhibit a relatively narrow width compared with the maximum diameter of the products, such that achieving a given maximum storage capacity requires a relatively long overall length of the storage device. A further disadvantage, however, is also that when the storage sections are configured with a width greater than the diameter of the products, the transfer device can only be realized with great design complexity and that a trouble-free transferring of the products from the transport element which forms the product entry to the transport element that forms the product exit is also not guaranteed.

“Products” in the sense of the invention are in particular packaging elements including, inter alia, already filled packaging elements, as well as packing element groups, i.e. multipacks, each consisting of at least two packaging elements, in particular also consisting of at least two filled packaging elements each.

“Packaging elements” in the sense of the invention are in particular packages or containers usually used in the food industry and specifically also in the drinks sector, including, inter alia, containers such as, for example bottles, cans, also soft packages, for example those produced from cardboard and/or plastic film and/or metal film, transport containers, e.g. bottle cases etc.

For the purpose of the invention the expressions “essentially”, “in essence” or “around” mean variations from the respective exact values by +/−10%, preferably by +/−5% and/or variations in the form of changes insignificant for the function.

SUMMARY

The object of the invention is to provide a storage device that, with optimum accessibility of the transport surface or of its storage sections or storage lengths and improved operational reliability, can be realized without great design complexity.

Further embodiments, advantages and possible applications of the invention arise out of the following description of embodiments and out of the figures. All of the described and/or pictorially represented attributes whether alone or in any desired combination are fundamentally the subject matter of the invention independently of their synopsis in the claims or a retroactive application thereof. The content of the claims is also made an integral part of the description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention is explained in detail below through the use of embodiment examples with reference to the figures. In the figures:

FIG. 1 depicts a very simplified schematic functional representation of a plan view of a storage device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 depicts the storage device of FIG. 1 in a schematic end-on view looking from the product or container entry or from the product or container exit to the transfer element;

FIG. 3 depicts a simplified representation of a longitudinal section through the storage device of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 4 and 5 depict representations similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 of a further embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The storage device generally indicated in FIGS. 1-3 by 1 acts for example as a buffer store for the buffering or interim storing of products or product units, in particular of containers 2. In the case of depicted embodiment 2, storage device 1 possesses, on a machine frame 3, two conveyors 4 and 5 that each comprise an endlessly circulating transport belt 4.1 and 5.1 forming a closed loop and that, with the upper lengths of their loops, form a common transport surface 8 for containers 2 in a horizontal or essentially horizontal transport plane TE. Transport elements 4 and 5 are arranged parallel to and at some distance away from one another and can be driven by drives (not shown) in such a way that transport element 4 exhibits a transport direction that is indicated by arrow A and transport element 5 exhibits a transport direction that is indicated by arrow B and opposed to transport direction A for containers 2 standing upright on transport surface 8, i.e. with their container axes oriented square to the transport plane TE. With its one end, transport element 4 forms a product or container entry 1.1 through which containers 2 are fed to storage device 1. At its one end adjacent to container entry 1.1, transport element 5 forms a product or container exit 1.2 at which containers 2 are discharged out of the storage device. In the depicted embodiment, transport elements 4 and 5 possess, square to their transport direction A and B and parallel to transport plane TE, the same width, the width being a multiple of the maximum diameter of the products or of containers 2.

A vertical center plane oriented parallel to transport directions A and B is indicated by M. Reference numerals 6 and 7 indicate two lateral container guides that extend on both longitudinal sides of transport surface 8 in the transport direction A or B, so laterally limiting that active region of transport surface 8 that can be occupied by containers 2.

Storage device 1 further exhibits a deflecting or transfer element 9 having a transfer region 10 that extends square to transport direction A or B over the whole active width of transport surface 8. In the depicted embodiment, transfer element 9 is configured in such a way that its transfer section 10 exhibits two part-sections 10.1 and 10.2 that, in the depicted embodiment, are configured as straight lines and of which part-section 10.1 extends over that part of transport surface 8 formed by transport element 4 and part-section 10.1 extends over that part of transport surface 8 formed by transport element 5. Part-section 10.1 is moreover configured such that with a horizontal axial direction oriented square to transport direction A and parallel to transport plane TE it describes an angle α of less than 90°, for example an angle ranging from around 30° to 50°, that opens towards center plane M of storage device 1. With a horizontal axis oriented square to transport direction B and parallel to transport plane TE, part-section 10.2 describes an angle β that, in the depicted embodiment, is smaller than angle α, for example 20° to 35°, and that also opens towards center plane M.

Through the described configuration, containers 2, which are fed at container entry 1.1 on the part-section of transport surface 8 that is formed by transport element 4 between container entry 1.1 and transfer section 10, and which forms the storage section indicated by 8.1, are moved at least partially to part-section 10.1 and then, sliding over this part-section, to part-section 10.2. As a result, containers 2 move onto the part-section of transport surface 8 that is formed between part-section 10.2 and container exit 1.2 and that forms the storage section indicated by 8.2. The transferring of containers 2 from storage section 8.1 to storage section 8.2 is effected however by the back pressure generated by containers 2 standing up against one another on transport element 4 in the container flow, in part also before they reach transfer section 10. The transferring of the containers from transport element 4 to transport element 5 basically always takes place on that partial region of transport surface 8 that is in front of transfer element 9 when seen from container entry 1.1 or container exit 1.2.

Transfer element 9 can be displaced, under control, parallel to transport directions A and B (double arrow C in FIG. 1) and for this purpose is provided on a band-like, belt-like or chain-like driving and guiding element 11 that forms a closed loop and is guided for this purpose over at least two guide pulleys 12 and 13. Transfer element 9 is attached by a rib 9.1 to the upper length 11.1 of the loop formed by driving and guiding element 11. The loop formed by driving and guiding element 11 is moreover arranged so that the upper length 11.1 also lies in transport plane TE and closes gap 14 between the two transport elements 4 and 5. The center plane of the loop formed by driving and guiding element 11 is moreover also the center plane M.

Driving and guiding element 11 is part of a positioning drive for adjusting the position of transfer element 9 according to double arrow C. For this purpose driving and guiding element 11 is guided beneath transport plane TE by a drive wheel 16 driven by an actuating motor 15 and by two guide pulleys 17 and 18 of which the latter ensures an adequate wrapping of driving and guiding element 11 around drive wheel 16. By adjusting the position of transfer element 9 it is possible to vary the storage capacity of storage device 1 or of storage sections 8.1 and 8.2 as a function, for example, of the size of the container flow at container entry 1.1 (the number of containers 2 fed per unit of time) and/or of the occupancy rate of the part of transport surface 8 formed between transfer element 9 and container entry 1.1 as well as container exit 1.2, i.e. if the container flow is increased at container entry 1.1 and/or if the occupancy rate is increased, transfer element 9 is moved in a way that increases its distance from container entry 1.1 or container exit 1.2. If there is a reduction in the container flow or the occupancy rate, a controlled movement of transfer element 9 is effected in the reverse direction.

The movement or adjustment of transfer element 9 can basically be controlled independently of the movement and transport speed of transport elements 4 and 5. It is moreover also possible to control transport elements 4 and 5 and their transport speed independently of one another.

The control data needed to control or regulate the receiving capacity of storage device 1 or of storage sections 8.1 and 8.2 are supplied, for example, by at least one opto-electrical sensing or detecting system which is illustrated in FIG. 1 by block 19, and processed in an electronic controller 20, preferably in a computer-assisted controller which then triggers the driving or actuating motor 15.

Sensor system 19 is for example at least one electronic camera and/or at least one other suitable sensor (e.g. laser sensor, ultrasound sensor, inductively operating sensor etc.) with which the size of the container flow at the container entry 1.1 and/or the occupancy rate of storage sections 8.1 and 8.2 can be captured. Sensor system 19, which can also exhibit a variety of different sensors in different regions of storage device 1, is generally configured in such a way that all relevant current information and data about the operating status of at least one partial region of storage device 1 are captured with this system. In controller 20 or in an evaluation system therein located, the corresponding data including for example image data are then processed and/or analyzed and/or evaluated with an appropriate program or with image processing for the active controlling of transfer element 9. The term “image processing” is preferably to be taken to mean that information about containers 2 which are present within the image is obtained with the aid of a suitable program from the image captured by sensor system 19 or by the at least one electronic camera of that system. It is for example first determined which containers 2 are present within the respective image. In particular it is possible in this way to capture the orientation of containers 2 in different regions of transport surface 8, for example containers 2 which are standing upright in the required manner and any upset containers lying on transport surface 8. With this configuration of sensor system 19 and the processing in controller 20 of the data, including in particular the image data, supplied by sensor system 19 it is then possible not only to optimally adapt the storage or receiving capacity of storage device 1 to the prevailing requirements but also to detect and avoid operational stoppages due for example to upset containers 2, containers 2 of a different type etc., for example by giving instructions to the operators of a system which exhibits storage device 1 and/or by appropriate controlling of transport elements 4 and 5 or of other system components etc. preceding or succeeding storage device 1 in a system.

An appropriate program is used to capture preferably the respective occupancy rates (e.g. number of containers per unit area of storage section 8.1 or 8.2) for each individual storage section 8.1 or 8.2 formed by transport element 4 and transport element 5, for example in a finely graded manner, e.g. in steps of 2% each.

Moreover it is not only the controlling of the position of transfer element 9 which is effected by controller 20 but also the controlling of transport elements 4 and 5 and/or of their transport speed, and preferably the transport speed of transport belt 4 as a function of the occupancy rate of transport units or machines connected upstream of storage device 1 in a system, and the transport speed of transport element 5 as a function of the occupancy rate of transport units or machines which are connected downstream of storage device 1 in a system.

Transfer element 9 is preferably removable so that containers 2 can be conveyed at least on transport element 4 as far as the end of transport element 4 which lies opposite container entry 1.1, for example for running storage device 1 empty.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show as a further embodiment a storage device 1 a which in essence differs from storage device 1 in that transfer element 9 is not provided on driving and guiding element 11 which forms a closed loop, but on a rail-like holding or bearer element 21 which together with transfer element 9 is adjustable or displaceable according to arrow C parallel to transport directions A and B by a positioning or linear drive 22 again arranged beneath transport plane TE, and controlled in the manner previously described by electronic controller 20 and sensor system 19. Bearer element 21 is guided on machine frame 3 such that its upper side lies in transport plane TE and bearer element 21 thus closes gap 14 between the two transport elements 4 and 5 at least in that region of transport surface 8 which is adjacent to transfer element 9 or transfer section 10. Since bearer element 21 only extends over a partial length of transport elements 4 and 5, there are additionally provided container guiding means 23 which laterally delimit transport elements 4 and 5—or storage sections 8.1 and 8.2 formed by said transport elements—in that region of gap 14 where said gap is not closed by bearer element 21. Container guiding means 23 can be realized in very different ways, for example in the form of telescoping container guides or container guiding rails which are attached to the machine frame on the one hand and to bearer element 21 on the other, or in the form of liftable and lowerable and/or tiltable, for example lamellar guiding elements which then project upward above transport plane TE to guide containers 2 where gap 14 is not concealed by bearer element 21 according to the respective positioning of transfer element 9. The liftable and lowerable and/or tiltable guiding elements are controlled synchronously with the movement of transfer element 9, for example also by linear drive 22 or by transfer element 9 or bearer element 21.

By the appropriate configuration of transport elements 4 and 5 or of transport belts 4.1 and 5.1, which form these transport elements, it is also possible to arrange transport elements 4 and 5 such that they adjoin one another laterally without the forming of gap 14. Transfer element 9 is held on a holding or bearer element or rib 9.1 that is connected beneath transport plane TE with the actuating drive arranged there, and that spaces the two transport elements 4 and 5 apart from one another at the place where the, for example, rod-shaped, wedge-shaped and/or shuttle-shaped bearer element or rib 9.1 is located. Bearer element or rib 9.1 is then preferably on that side of transfer section 10 facing away from respective storage section 8.1 or 8.2.

The invention has been described hereinbefore by reference to embodiments. It goes without saying that numerous other variations as well as modifications are possible without departing from the concept underlying the invention.

It has been assumed above for example that storage device 1 or 1 a exhibits a transfer element 9 having two storage sections 8.1 and 8.2 associated with this transfer element and conveying in opposed directions. It is basically also possible to provide two or more than two transfer elements 9 with each of which two storage sections having an opposed conveying direction are associated and that follow one another cascade-like inside the storage device, i.e. in the container transport direction through the storage device.

It was also assumed above, and in particular to simplify the description, that transport elements 4 and 5 are each formed by a single transport belt 4.1 and 5.1 respectively. In practice however each transport element 4 and 5 preferably comprises a plurality of contiguous transport belts arranged parallel with one another and at least square to transport direction A or B.

It was furthermore assumed above that transfer element 9 is a “passive” element, i.e. it exhibits a transfer section 10 that runs at an angle to respective transport direction A or B and that forms a guiding or sliding surface for containers 2 on which containers 2 slide onto storage section 8.2 in particular by the conveying action of transport element 4 and assisted by the back pressure of the container flow. However, in order to further improve the deflecting or transferring of containers 2 from transport element 4 or from storage section 8.1 there located onto transport element 5 or onto storage section 8.2 there located, it is also possible to execute transfer element 9 in such a way that its transfer section 10 is formed, over a partial length at least, by a circulating transport element, for example by an endlessly circulating transport belt as suggested in FIG. 4 by the two transport belts 24 and 25 and by broken lines, it being possible for these transport elements to be combined into a single transport element and/or preferably controllable in particular in regard to their speed irrespective of the position of transfer element 9 and/or of the conveying speed of transport elements 4 and 5. Instead of the two transport belts 24 and 25 that, with the length of their loops facing container entry 1.1 and container exit 1.2, each form an arrangement for containers 2, at least one circulatorily driven transport or transfer element of a different type can be provided that, on its facing storage sections 8.1 and 8.2, forms an arrangement and/or a driver section for containers 2.

Yet another possibility is for container guides 6, 7 and/or 23 to be formed by elements that move in respective transport direction A or B, for example by configuring these container guides as belt-like or chain-like elements that are driven to endlessly circulate and whose loop lengths circulating in respective transport direction A or B form the corresponding container arrangements or guides. The drives for such container guides are then also preferably arranged beneath transport plane TE so that the upper side of the storage device and its transport surface is accessible and/or visible without obstruction, in particular also for opto-electrical sensor systems or corresponding cameras for the controlling and/or monitoring of the storage device.

The possibility also exists of having, in transport direction A of transport element 4 and before transfer element 9, at least one element guiding the stream of products or containers 2 and that can be driven and/or moved in a direction parallel to transfer element 9 or its transfer section 10, with the element guiding the flow of containers 2 being preferably independently adjustable, for example, also for a change of the distance between the element guiding the flow of containers 2 and transfer element 9 or its transfer section 10.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

-   1, 1 a Storage device -   2 Container -   3 Machine frame -   4,5 Transport element -   4.1, 5.1 Transport belt -   6, 7 Lateral container guide -   8 Transport surface -   8.1, 8.2 Storage or buffer section -   9 Transfer element -   10 Transfer section -   10.1, 10.2 Part-section -   11 Driving and guiding element -   11.1 Upper loop length -   12, 13 Guide pulley -   14 Gap -   15 Actuating motor -   16 Drive wheel -   17, 18 Guide roller -   19 Sensor system -   20 Controller -   21 Holding or bearer element -   22 Positioning or linear drive -   23 Containing guiding means -   24, 25 Transport element or transport belt -   A, B Transport direction -   C Direction of adjustment of transfer element 9 -   M Centre plane -   α, β Angle 

1-15. (canceled)
 16. An apparatus comprising a storage device for products, said storage device comprising a first transport element, said first transport element being configured to convey product in a first transport direction, a second transport element parallel to said first transport element, said second transport element being configured to convey product in a second direction, said second direction being opposite said first direction, a first storage section formed on said first transport element, a second storage section formed on said second transport element, said first and second storage sections together defining a transport plane, a transfer element, said transfer element having a transfer section that extends over said first and second transport elements, and an actuating drive arranged beneath said transport plane and coupled to said transfer element to change a receiving capacity of said first storage section and said second storage section, wherein said first transport direction leads towards said transfer section, wherein said second transport direction leads away from said transfer section, wherein said actuating drive is configured to adjust said transfer element by movement along said first and second transport elements, and wherein at least one of said transport elements and said speeds of said transport elements is controllable independently of adjustment of said transfer element.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said first transport element and said second transport element are configured to be controlled independently.
 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said first transport element is formed by at least one transport belt that forms a closed loop and is driven to circulate, and wherein said second transport element is formed by at least one transport belt that forms a closed loop and that is driven to circulate.
 19. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a driving-and-guiding element, and an actuating drive connected to drive said driving-and-guiding element, wherein said actuating drive is driven independently of said transport elements, and wherein said transfer element is provided on said driving-and-guiding element.
 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said driving-and-guiding element comprises a holding element, wherein said holding element is selected from the group consisting of a closed-loop-forming band-like holding element, a chain-like holding element, a belt-like element holding element, and a rib-like holding element.
 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said driving-and-guiding element is disposed at a location selected from the group consisting of beneath said transport plane and beside one of said transport elements.
 22. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a structure selected from the group consisting of a rib, a rib plate, and a holding plate, said structure being connected to be driven by said actuating drive, wherein said structure extends between said transport elements from an underside of said transport plane and above an upper side of said transport plane, and wherein said structure is guided beneath said transport plane.
 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein said structure comprises one of a slot, a wedge, and a shuttle, and wherein, within a region occupied by said structure, said transport elements are moved apart by movement of said structure.
 24. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an element for guiding product flow in said first transport direction, said element for guiding product flow being provided at a location selected from the group consisting of upstream of said transfer element relative to said transport direction and at said transfer element, wherein said element for guiding product flow is one of drivable and movable in a direction parallel to one of said transfer element and said transfer section, and wherein said element for guiding said flow of products is independently adjustable for changing a distance between said element for guiding said product flow and said transfer element.
 25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a transfer structure is formed by an element that is driven to circulate, wherein said transfer structure is selected from the group consisting of said transfer element and at least a part of the transfer section, and wherein said element that is driven to circulate is selected from the group consisting of a conveyor belt that is driven to endlessly circulate and an element that is driven to circulate about an axis that is perpendicular to said transport plane.
 26. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said transfer section comprises a first part-section, and a second part-section, wherein said first part-section extends over said first transport element, wherein said second part-section extends over said second transport element, wherein said first part section defines a first angle relative to a line orthogonal to said first transport direction, wherein said second part section defines a second angle relative to a line orthogonal to said second transport direction, wherein said first angle is an acute angle, wherein said second angle is an acute angle, and wherein said first angle is greater than said second angle.
 27. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising product guides disposed between said transport elements and parallel thereto, wherein said product guides have one of a position and a length that is variable and that depends on one of position and movement of said transfer element, wherein said product guide is selected from the group consisting of a telescoping guiding element, a plurality of guiding elements that can be raised above said transport plane and lowered below said transport plane, a plurality of guiding elements that can be raised above said transport plane and tilted below said transport plane, a plurality of lamellae that can be raised above said transport plane and lowered below said transport plane, a plurality of lamellae that can be raised above said transport plane and tilted below said transport plane, a loop of a band that can be driven to endlessly circulate, a loop of a chain element that can be driven to endlessly circulate, a loop of a belt element that can be driven to endlessly circulate, a loop of a band element that can be driven to endlessly circulate and that can be coiled and uncoiled on the transfer element, a loop of a chain element that can be driven to endlessly circulate and that can be coiled and uncoiled on the transfer element, and a loop of a belt element that can be driven to endlessly circulate, and that can be coiled and uncoiled on the transfer element.
 28. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a lateral product guide, said lateral product guide being selected from the group consisting of a band, a chain, and a belt, wherein said lateral product guide form a closed loop that can be driven endlessly to circulate,
 29. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said transfer element is a removable transfer element.
 30. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said actuating drive comprises a motor selected from the group consisting of a frequency-controlled motor, a servo-motor, and a direct drive.
 31. An apparatus comprising a storage device for products, said storage device comprising means for conveying first products in a first direction, wherein said means for conveying first products comprises means for storing said first products, means for conveying second products in a second direction opposite to said first direction, wherein same means for conveying second products comprises means for storing said second products, means for changing a receiving capacity of said first and second storage sections, a transfer element, said transfer element having a transfer section that extends over said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products in a second direction, wherein said first direction leads towards said transfer section, wherein said second direction leads away from said transfer section, and means for adjusting said transfer element by movement along said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products in a second direction, wherein said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products in a second direction are controllable independently of adjustment of said transfer element by said means for adjusting said transfer element.
 32. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising means for driving and guiding said transport element, and means for actuating said means for driving and guiding said transport element, wherein said means for actuating said means for driving and guiding said transport element is driven independently of said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products in a second direction.
 33. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising means for moving said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products in a second direction apart.
 34. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein said transfer section comprises a first part-section, and a second part-section, wherein said first part-section extends over said means for conveying first products in a first direction, wherein said second part-section extends over said means for conveying second products in a second direction, wherein said first part section defines a first angle relative to a line orthogonal to said first direction, wherein said second part section defines a second angle relative to a line orthogonal to said second direction, wherein said first angle is an acute angle, wherein said second angle is an acute angle, and wherein said first angle is greater than said second angle.
 35. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising means for guiding product, wherein said means for guiding product is disposed between and parallel to said means for conveying first products in a first direction and said means for conveying second products, wherein said means for guiding product is variable in response to a state of said transfer element. 